Probability+&+Statistics+Unit


 * __**Roles of Wiki**__ || __**Student #1**__ || **__Student #2__** ||
 * **Editor** || Deanna ||  ||
 * **Multimedia** || C. Smith || K. Otte ||
 * **Text** || R.Jackson ||  ||
 * **Practice Problems** || K. Otte ||  ||
 * **Career/Real Life App** || b conner ||  ||

Point values have increased by 10 points in the rubric. Meaning the most points achievable is 25 due to the time to make a video and embed it. All group members must participate in the video in some way. You are required to post how you contributed to the video below this information. Deanna Miller- I contributed to the video by running the camera during the last calculator scene. I also moved the script that Rachel and Clayton read. Also I explained what the odds of the race were. Name: Video involvement: RACHAEL JACKSON Was in th movie. Kevin Otte- filmed, edited, and encoded the short film. Also, wrote the calculator tutorial scenes and acted in the odds race scene. Brad Conner- Came up with the idea. media type="file" key="math wiki.mov"

**__SAMPLING __**
Random Sampling- objects are randomly picked with no pattern in mind. Stratified Sampling- A form of sampling that divides a population into groups called strata. Systematic Sampling- items are assumed to be in a kind of sequential or numerical order. Convenience Sampling- the questioner asks questions to whomever is available. __Practice Problems__

1) What is the difference between random, stratified, systematic, and convenience sampling?

2) What kind of sampling is this? "Randomly pull eight cards from a deck of cards."

3) What kind of sampling is this? "Divide the cards into red and black. Then randonly choose four from each."

4) What kind of sampling is this? "Flip the cards over one by one and select every sixth card."

__**Measures of Central Tend**____**ency**__ Mode- The value that occurs most frequently. If there is more than one value that occurs the same number of times, we list each number as being the mode. Median- Known also as the central value of the data set. To determine the median we order the data from smallest to largest. Then we determine the middle value by making sure that there are an equal number of values above and below it. Mean- An average that uses the exact value of each entry. To compute the mean we add all the entries and divide that number by the number of entries. 1) Find the mean of the following numbers: 47, 87, 92, 98, 97, 86, 88, 76, 98, 100, 67, 79, 88, 90

2) Find the median of the following numbers: 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 15, 18

3) Find the mode of the following numbers: 67, 67, 68, 68, 2, 2, 3, 2, 87, 98, 2, 67, 2

__**Box-and-Whisker Plots**__ Box -N- Whisker Plots- are helpful in interpreting and distribution of data. Quartiles- Separate the original set of data into 4 equal parts. Each of these parts contains one-forth of that data. 1st quartile- The median of the lower part of the data. 2nd quartile- The median of the entire set of data. 3rd quartile- The median of the upper part of the data. Outlier- A single piece of data. This piece of data usually falls well outside the range of the other values. Range- The lowest number of the data subtracted from the highest number of the data. Interquartile Range- The median of quartile 1 subtracted from the median of quartile 3. media type="custom" key="3224666"

Practice Problems

1) Create a box and whisker plot of the following data: 56, 32, 54, 34, 23, 67, 23, 45, 12, 32, 34, 24, 36, 47, 19, 43

2) Create a box and whisker plot of the following data: 4, 6, 7, 9, 15, 18, 20, 23, 27, 31, 33, 35

3) Create a box and whisker plot of the following data: 40, 48, 29, 13, 36, 58, 37, 35, 63, 15, 41, 45, 38, 59, 77, 30, 43, 37, 23, 68, 20, 36, 50, 53, 43, 30, 21, 37, 71, 48 

__**Stem-and-Leaf Plots**__ Steam-and-leaf plot- a display that organizes data to show its shape and distribution. Leaf- Is usually the last number of the number. Steam- The other numbers to the left of the “leaf” form the “stem.” Histogram- A bar graph showing the number of occurrences. Line Plot- Provides an easy way to organize data. Consists of a horizontal number line, on which each value of a set is denoted by and x over the corresponding value on the number line.

Practice Problems

Make stem and leaf plots for the following sets of data and don't forget to give a key like 2 | 3 = 23 1) 73, 42, 67, 78, 99, 84, 91, 82, 86, 94

2) 42, 67, 73, 78, 82, 84, 86, 91, 94, 99

3) 87, 76, 58, 23, 48, 39, 52, 76, 98, 82, 78  Introduction to Probability   Factorial:refers to the multiplication of an integer with all the previous integers down to one and uses the following notation n! where n is the positive integer. Combinations: nCr=n!/r!(n-r)! Permutations: ORDER MATTERS! nPr=n!/(n-r)! Elementary Probability P(event)= # of favorable outcomes/ total # outcomes P(event)= # of favorable outcomes/ Total # outcomes P(event= frequncy of an event/ total number of trials Some Probability Rules Complement of an Event: Must add up to one. P(not A)= 1-P(A) Probability of A and B: P(A and B) =P(A)X P(B) Probability of A or B: P (A or B)= P(A)+ P(B)- P(A and B)  Odds Odds:The odds of the successful outcome of an event is the ratio of th probability of it success to the probability of its failure. Odds=P(success)/ P (failure)